Protocols

Step-by-step methods, workflows, and lab/bioinformatics guides.

A schematic diagram for sewage sample processing for bacteriophage isolation
Protocol

Sewage sample processing for bacteriophage isolation

February 12, 2025 Raphael Hans Lwesya

Sewage is a rich source of diverse bacteriophages, particularly coliphages that target coliform bacteria. However, its composition can vary significantly depending on…

Phage induction by using mitomycin C
Protocol

Prophage Induction Using Mitomycin C

January 7, 2024 Raphael Hans Lwesya

Prophages are integrated viral genomes that reside within bacterial chromosomes, remaining dormant until triggered by various environmental stimuli. One of the most…

Sleeping bacteriophage just before induction
Protocol

Lysogenic to lytic cycle: Bacteriophage Induction

August 18, 2023 Raphael Hans Lwesya

Bacteriophages, particularly template phages, have developed sophisticated tactics for breaching bacterial defenses and binding to the bacterial genome. Within their hosts, they…

A lab technologist using pipette to perform spot test
Protocol

Phage Spot Lysis Test: Phage detection technique

May 30, 2023 Raphael Hans Lwesya

A spot test is a technique used to determine the presence and activity of bacteriophages against specific bacterial strains. It involves spotting…

Making an overlay
Protocol

Agar Overlay (double layer agar) technique

May 29, 2023 Raphael Hans Lwesya

Preparation of an overlay This method creates a homogeneous lawn of bacteria within a thin layer of agar across the surface of…

Phage plaques on plate
Protocol

Bacteriophages isolation and purification

February 7, 2023 Raphael Hans Lwesya

Bacteriophages, commonly known as phages, are viruses that infect bacteria. The double agar method is used to isolate and purify phages from…

Phage quantification schematic diagram
Protocol

Counting phages: Serial dilution technique

February 5, 2023 Raphael Hans Lwesya

Bacteriophage serial dilution is a reliable and widely used laboratory technique that enables scientists to accurately determine the concentration of bacteriophages (phages)…

Protocol

Techniques to evaluate bacteriophage killing

January 30, 2023 Hilary Kinabo

Bacteriophages are viruses that are particularly reliant on their bacterial hosts’ metabolic activity to copy their genetic material and produce the proteins…